Uzinzo kukukwazi kwesenzo ukukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zangoku ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni ezo zekamva. Ekubhaleni kwizifundo ukuzinza kweshishini kudla ngokuhlulahlulwe ngokweentsika ezintathu, ezentlalo, kwendalo kunye nezemali. Ngokugxila ekuzinzeni, ikhuthaza amashishini ukuba acinge ngaphaya konyaka-mali olandelayo kwaye athathele ingqalelo ixesha elide leshishini kunye nefuthe eliya kuba nalo ebantwini nakwiplanethi elichaphazela ngayo.

Nokuba uhlala kumbindi wedolophu okanye kumhlaba weefama wasemaphandleni, ngokuqinisekileyo ubona iingxowa zeplastiki zivunguza nangaliphi na ixesha uphuma endlwini. Ezinye zivuthuza ezindleleni njenge-post-apocalyptic tumbleweed, ngelixa ezinye zixinga kumasebe emithi yesitrato. Kanti abanye baphela sele bedada kwintlambo nakwimilambo yethu de bayifumane indlela eya elwandle. Kodwa ngelixa ezi ngxowa zeplastiki ngokuqinisekileyo zingekho mhle, ngokwenene zibangela ingozi yokwenyani, ebonakalayo kwindawo enkulu.

Iingxowa zeplastiki zivame ukuphazamisa imo engqongileyo ngendlela enzulu. Zingena emhlabeni zize zikhuphe kancinane iikhemikhali eziyityhefu. Ekugqibeleni ziwela emhlabeni, kwaye umphumo ongathandekiyo kukuba izilwanyana ziyazitya kwaye zihlala ziminxeka zize zife.

Iingxowa zeplastiki zibangela iindidi ezahlukeneyo zomonakalo, kodwa ezintathu zezona ngxaki ziphazamisayo ezikhoyo ziquka ezi zilandelayo:

Ukwenzakala Kwezilwanyana Zasendle

Izilwanyana zonzakala ezandleni zeengxowa zeplastiki ngeendlela ezininzi.

Izilwanyana ezininzi - kubandakanywa iintlobo ezisemhlabeni kunye nezasemanzini - zitya iingxowa zeplastiki, kwaye zithwaxwa ziingxaki zempilo ezimandundu xa sele zigqibile.

Inani elikhulu leenkomo, umzekelo, zifa minyaka le emva kokutya iiplastiki eziye ziphelele emadlelweni azo. Le ibiyingxaki enkulu eIndiya, apho iinkomo zininzi kwaye ukuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma manqaphanqapha.

Ekuxilongweni kotyando, uninzi lweenkomo ezonzakele sesi sifo seplastiki zifunyaniswa zine Iiplastiki ezingama-50 nangaphezulu kwiindlela zabo zokwetyisa.

Izilwanyana eziginya iingxowa zeplastiki zihlala zineengxaki zamathumbu, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufeni okude, okucothayo nokubuhlungu. Izilwanyana zisenokuthi zigalelwe ityhefu yimichiza esetyenzisiweyo ukwenza iingxowa, okanye kwiikhemikhali ezifunxa iplastiki ngelixa idlula kwindalo esingqongileyo.

Kwaye ngenxa yokuba iplastiki ayiqhekeki ngokukhawuleza kwimibhobho yokwetyisa yezilwanyana, idla ngokuzalisa izisu zazo. Oku kubangela ukuba izilwanyana zive zihluthi, nangona zihamba kancinci kancinci, ekugqibeleni zife ngenxa yokungondleki okanye yindlala.

Kodwa ngelixa imfuyo kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya ngokuqinisekileyo zisemngciphekweni kwiingxowa zeplastiki, ezinye izilwanyana zifumana ingozi enkulu ngakumbi.

Sele zigxininiswe kukutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala, amashumi eminyaka okuzingela kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu, iifudo zaselwandle zisemngciphekweni othile kwiingxowa zeplastiki, njengoko zihlala zihlala. ziphosakele ngejelifish -ukutya okuthandwayo kwiintlobo ezininzi zeefudo zaselwandle.

Ngapha koko, abaphandi abavela kwiYunivesithi yaseQueensland mva nje bagqibe kwelokuba malunga 52 ekhulwini ofudo baselwandle behlabathi batye inkunkuma yeplastiki – uninzi lwayo ngokungathandabuzekiyo lusuka kuhlobo lweengxowa zeplastiki.

Iinkqubo zogutyulo oluvalekileyo

Kwanasezidolophini, apho izilwanyana zasendle zinqabile, iingxowa zeplastiki zibangela umonakalo omkhulu kwindalo esingqongileyo. Amanzi aphumayo aqokelela aze aphathe iiplastiki ezilahliweyo aze ekugqibeleni azihlambele kuzo imijelo yogutyulo.

Kanye kule mijelo yogutyulo, iingxowa zihlala zenza i-clumps nezinye iintlobo zenkunkuma, kwaye ekugqibeleni zivale ukuhamba kwamanzi.

Oku kuthintela ukuqukuqela kwamanzi ukuba angaphumi kakuhle, nto leyo edla ngokuphazamisa abo bahlala okanye abasebenza kuloo ndawo.

Ngokomzekelo, iindlela zidla ngokukhukula xa imijelo ehambisa amanzi amdaka ivalekile, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ivalwe de kuphume amanzi.

La manzi agqithileyo angonakalisa iimoto, izakhiwo kunye nezinye izinto, kwaye kwakhona aqokelele izinto ezingcolisayo aze azisasaze kude, apho zenza umonakalo owongezelelweyo.

Imijelo yogutyulo lwezaqhwithi evalekileyo inokuphazamisa ukuhamba kwamanzi kuzo zonke iindawo zamanzi zasekhaya. Imibhobho yogutyulo evaliweyo inokulambisa imigxobhozo yasekuhlaleni, imijelo kunye nemisinga yamanzi eyifunayo, nto leyo enokukhokelela kubhubhani omkhulu kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ukudilika ngokupheleleyo.

Ukuwohloka kobuhle

Akukho mpikiswano ingako malunga nempembelelo yobuhle yeengxowa zeplastiki kwindalo esingqongileyo.

Uninzi lwabantu luya kuvuma ukuba iingxowa zeplastiki ziyonakalisa imbonakalo yayo yonke indawo yokuhlala onokucinga ngayo, ukusuka emahlathini nasemasimini ukuya kwiintlango kunye nemigxobhozo.

Kodwa, oku kuwohloka kobuhle asiyonkxalabo engenamsebenzi; inokuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kwimpilo yabantu, inkcubeko kunye noqoqosho.

Izazinzulu kudala zisazi ukuba ukujonga umhlaba wendalo kunobutyebi beengenelo.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, iindawo zokuhlala zendalo kunye neendawo eziluhlaza zinceda ukunciphisa amaxesha okubuyisela kunye nokuphucula iziphumo zezigulane zasesibhedlele, bayanceda ukuba ukuphucula ukugxila kunye nokugxila phakathi kwabantwana, bancedisa ekunciphiseni ulwaphulo-mthetho kwaye bayanceda ukwandisa ixabiso lepropati.

Kodwa xa ezi ndawo zokuhlala zinye zigcwele iingxowa zeplastiki kunye nezinye iintlobo zenkunkuma, ezi zibonelelo ziyancipha.

Ngokufanelekileyo, kubalulekile ukuxabisa ixabiso lobuhle beendawo zokuhlala zendalo, ukuthatha amanyathelo okunciphisa ungcoliseko lwengxowa yeplastiki kunye nokujongana nale miba xa uphuhliswa. umgaqo-nkqubo woluntu.

Ubungakanani beNgxaki

Kunzima ukuqonda ububanzi bengxaki yesingxobo seplastiki, nangona kukho indawo yonke yeengxowa zeplastiki kumhlaba.

Akukho mntu wazi kakuhle ukuba zingaphi iibhegi ezichitha iplanethi, kodwa abaphandi baqikelela ukuba 500 billion isetyenziswa kulo lonke ihlabathi ngonyaka.

Ipesenti encinci yezi ziphela zisenziwa ngokutsha, kwaye abanye abantu bazama ukuphinda basebenzise iiplastiki ezindala ngezinye iinjongo, kodwa uninzi lweengxowa zeplastiki zisetyenziswa ngexesha elinye. Ezininzi zilahlwa kwinkunkuma, kodwa ipesenti ebalulekileyo ekugqibeleni ingcolisa iindawo zokuhlala zendalo.

Inxalenye yesizathu sokuba iingxowa zeplastiki ziyingxaki zinxulumene nobomi bazo obude.

Ngelixa itawuli yephepha yonakala ngenyanga, kwaye isiqwenga seplywood sinokuthatha unyaka ukuthoba, iingxowa zeplastiki zihlala ixesha elide - ngokuqhelekileyo amashumi eminyaka, kwaye kwezinye iimeko iinkulungwane.

Enyanisweni, iingxowa zeplastiki ezingena emilanjeni, amachibi okanye iilwandle Ungaze uthobe ngokupheleleyo. Endaweni yoko, baqhekeka babe ngamaqhekeza amancinci amancinci, ekugqibeleni ibe "microplastics," ezingaphantsi kweemilimitha ezi-5 ubude.

Kodwa nangona ezi ii-microplastics azibonakali ngokubonakalayo njengeengxowa zeplastiki, zisabangela inani leengxaki kwizilwanyana zasendle kunye ne-ecosystem iyonke.

Isishwankathelo

Njengoko ubona, iingxowa zeplastiki ziyinkxalabo ebalulekileyo yendalo.

Njengezidalwa, kuya kufuneka sihlolisise ngononophelo imiceli mngeni abayibonisayo kwaye siphumeze izicwangciso ezinokunciphisa ubungakanani bomonakalo wokusingqongileyo eziwubangelayo.

Singathanda ukuva iingcinga zakho ngalo mba.

Zeziphi iintlobo zamanyathelo onokucebisa ukuba siwathathe ukunceda ukunciphisa umonakalo owenziwe ziingxowa zeplastiki?